INDUSTRIAL CONTROL SYSTEMS Mathematical and Statistical Models and Techniques

Abstract

This book presents the mathematical foundation for building and implementing industrial control systems. It contains mathematically rigorous models and techniques for control systems, in general, with specific orientation toward industrial systems. Industrial control encompasses several types of control systems. Some common elements of industrial control systems include supervisory control and data acquisition systems, distributed control systems, and other generic control system configurations, such as programmable logic controllers, that are often found in industrial operations and engineering infrastructures. Industrial control systems are not limited to production or manufacturing enterprises, as they are typically used in general industries such as electrical, water, oil and gas, and data acquisition devices. Based on information received from remote sensors, automated commands can be sent to remote control devices, which are referred to as field devices. Field devices are used to control local operations. These may include opening and closing valves, tripping breakers, collecting data from sensors, and monitoring local operating conditions. All of these are governed by some form of mathematical representation. Thus, this book has great importance in linking theory and practice. Distributed control systems are used to control industrial processes such as electric power generation, oil and gas refineries, water and wastewater treatment, and chemical, food, and automotive production. They are integrated as a control architecture containing a supervisory level of control overseeing multiple, integrated subsystems that are responsible for controlling the details of a localized process. Product and process controls are usually achieved by deploying feed-back or feed-forward control loops, whereby key product and/or process conditions are automatically maintained around a desired set point. To accomplish the desired product and/or process tolerance around a specified set point, specific programmable controllers are used. Programmable logic controllers provide Boolean logic operations, timers, and continuous control. The proportional, integral, and/or differential gains of the continuous control feature may be tuned to provide xvi Preface the desired tolerance as well as the rate of self-correction during process disturbances. Distributed control systems are used extensively in processbased industries. Programmable logic controllers are computer-based solid-state devices that control industrial equipment and processes. They are used extensively in almost all industrial processes. That makes this book very important and appealing to a wide range of readers, including students, professors, researchers, practitioners, and industrialists. The book is an amalgamation of theoretical developments, applied formulations, implementation processes, and statistical control