https://repositori.mypolycc.edu.my/jspui/handle/123456789/6660 2026-06-01T20:29:42Z https://repositori.mypolycc.edu.my/jspui/handle/123456789/9936 Title: STUDIES ON STABILIZED MUD BLOCK AS A CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL Authors: K. P. Balamurugan Abstract: Soil as a building material is available in most areas of the world. In developing countries, earth construction is economically the most efficient means for house construction with the least demand of resources. Investigation is carried out to find the suitable proportion of locally available materials such as soil, coir, straw etc. with cement as stabilizers for improving the strength of locally available mud blocks and thus to provide affordable housing. Using soil (from areas of Neriamangalam) and stabilizers (cement, lime, straw fibre, coir fibre, plastic fibre), eleven different types of samples were prepared. Tests were conducted on these samples in order to evaluate their performance such as compressive strength and total water absorption on which the durability of the blocks depend. The investigation has revealed that, out of all block samples, blocks which are produced from10% cement (C10), 10% cement with 3% coir fibre (C10C) and 10% cement with 3% plastic fibre (C10P) have compressive strength and total water absorption values above the recommended minimum values for structural work. (IS 1725:1992) 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repositori.mypolycc.edu.my/jspui/handle/123456789/9935 Title: ADDITION OF BAMBOO CHARCOAL IN COMPOSTING OF KITCHEN ORGANIC WASTE WITH PIG MANURE Authors: Hibu Munku; Mudo Puming; Jumbom Ruti; Singh, Tongbram Ashish Kumar Abstract: The co-composting of pig manure with kitchen organic waste presents an effective strategy for nutrient recycling and waste management. This study explores the incorporation of bamboo charcoal into compost piles to enhance compost quality and mitigate environmental risks. Over a 105-day period, four compost piles with varying bamboo charcoal proportions (0%, 5%, 10%, and 15%) were analysed for changes in physicochemical parameters and heavy metal dynamics. Temperature, pH, moisture content, and electrical conductivity were monitored every 5 days, while total nitrogen (TN), total organic carbon (TOC), and the C/N ratio were tested at 15-day intervals. Heavy metals including Zn, Cu, Pb, Cr, and Cd were assessed using atomic absorption spectrometry. Results showed that bamboo charcoal improved compost conditions by increasing initial pH and temperature, enhancing microbial activity. A decline in moisture content after day 45 indicated compost maturation. Electrical conductivity was lower in piles with higher charcoal content, reflecting reduced salinity and better compost stability. Nitrogen retention and TOC levels improved, contributing to nutrient-rich compost. Heavy metal content, especially Zn and Pb, was reduced in piles with bamboo charcoal, confirming its role in metal immobilization. This study concludes that bamboo charcoal is a sustainable, low-cost additive for enhancing compost quality, reducing pollution potential, and supporting decentralized waste management in rural areas. 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repositori.mypolycc.edu.my/jspui/handle/123456789/9934 Title: DEVELOPMENT OF ULTRA-LOW POWER DEICER FOR CIVIL ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS Authors: Petrenko, Victor Abstract: Ice and snow accumulation on engineering structures, such as buildings, bridges, roads, power transmission lines, and communication and refrigeration equipment, presents serious problems. Over several decades, numerous deicing and anti-icing technologies have been invented, developed, and used. The important factors of merit of the deicing technologies are the energy and power requirements, clean removal of ice and snow from protected surfaces, safety, reliability, and cost of manufacturing and operations. The improvement of existing de- and anti-icing technologies is still in progress. We consider our research to be a valuable contribution to this field. This manuscript presents the development and design of an ultra-low-power electro-impulsive deicer for civil engineering. To drastically decrease the energy consumption of the EID, we combined the results of recent advances in low ice adhesion materials with advanced EID analytical theory and computer simulation. The result is an energy requirement 100 times less than that of the pulse electrothermal deicer (PETD) and 1000 times less than that of traditional thermal de-icing (TD). This manuscript presents simple and accurate algorithms for EID design and optimization, and the results of experimental testing of EID made of materials known for their low adhesion to ice. The improved EID technology can be applied to the deicing of buildings, bridges, airplanes, evaporators of refrigerators, harvesting of ice in residential, commercial, and industrial icemakers, and in deicing communication equipment such as antennas and radars. 2025-07-01T00:00:00Z https://repositori.mypolycc.edu.my/jspui/handle/123456789/9933 Title: PREDICTIVE SEDIMENT TRANSPORT MODELS FOR SUSTAINABLE RESERVOIR MANAGEMENT: AN EXPERT REVIEW OF METHODOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS Authors: P. Dutta; M. Sundararajan; Roy, Alwin Abstract: Reservoir sedimentation is an escalating global concern that threatens water security, infrastructure longevity, and ecological sustainability. Sediment transport modeling (STM) has become a pivotal tool for predicting reservoir sediment accumulation, informing operational strategies, and optimizing long-term sustainable water resource management (SWRM). This review comprehensively examines empirical, semi-empirical, process-based, and data-driven sediment transport models, highlighting their applications, strengths, and limitations. Empirical models, such as trapping efficiency-based approaches, provide rapid bulk sediment estimates but lack spatial resolution. Process-based models (1D, 2D, 3D) solve governing hydro-morphodynamic equations, including mass and momentum conservation, the Exner equation, and sediment transport relations, capturing detailed sediment dynamics for complex reservoirs. Advanced physics considerations, such as non-uniform sediment transport, armoring, and turbidity currents, are critical for accurate predictions. Moreover, machine learning (ML) and hybrid frameworks enhance forecasting capabilities, particularly for suspended sediment concentrations and real-time operational decision-making. The integration of these predictive approaches into SWRM enables the design of optimized structural measures, operational rule curves, and watershed management strategies. The review emphasizes the necessity of uncertainty quantification, data assimilation, and long-term climate adaptation to ensure the effectiveness of sediment management interventions, advocating a holistic, multi-scale modeling approach for sustainable reservoir operations. 2025-07-01T00:00:00Z