https://repositori.mypolycc.edu.my/jspui/handle/123456789/6661 2026-10-15T21:53:37Z 2026-10-15T21:53:37Z Morales-Cruz, Cuauhtémoc Frisina, Fortunato Scerbo, Francesco Mazzotta, Rocco Ceccarelli, Marco https://repositori.mypolycc.edu.my/jspui/handle/123456789/10787 2026-09-22T03:00:38Z 2026-07-03T00:00:00Z

Title: EXPERIMENTAL VALIDATION OF ASSIST-FEEV3 ELBOW ASSISTING DEVICE WITH PHYSIOTHERAPY CONSIDERATIONS Authors: Morales-Cruz, Cuauhtémoc; Frisina, Fortunato; Scerbo, Francesco; Mazzotta, Rocco; Ceccarelli, Marco Abstract: Upper-limb rehabilitation and elderly exercise programs require lightweight, reliable, and physiotherapy-oriented assistive technologies capable of supporting controlled joint motion while enabling objective performance assessment. This paper presents experimental validation of ASSIST-FEEv3, a cable-driven elbow assisting device that is designed for flexion–extension exercises with emphasis on usability, portability, and physiotherapy integration. The device employs a dual-cable antagonistic mechanism that is actuated by servomotors housed in a compact module, allowing guided motion in the arm sagittal plane with minimal wearable load mass. A testing campaign was conducted with 25 healthy volunteers under the supervision of physiotherapy experts following a properly designed protocol for three sessions of ten repetitions each. Joint kinematics was acquired through integrated sensing, and performance metrics including maximum flexion, maximum extension, and range of motion (ROM) were analyzed to assess repeatability, motion smoothness, and user-specific variability. The results demonstrate consistent motion assistance across repeated cycles, variability between sessions, and comparable ROM distributions between sexes. Observed deviations were considered due to individual temporary conditions rather than device-related limitations. The device operated with low energy consumption as required in home-based applications. Test findings validate both the mechanical reliability and the physiotherapy-oriented operational framework of the ASSIST-FEEv3 device.

2026-07-03T00:00:00Z Samudra Jit Saha Md. Abid Chowdhury Sayma Islam Shamim Ahmed Deowan Shifat E. Arman Abhishek K. Ghosh https://repositori.mypolycc.edu.my/jspui/handle/123456789/10786 2026-09-22T03:00:33Z 2026-07-01T00:00:00Z

Title: FLEXIPEDE: A BIO-INSPIRED, MODULAR MYRIAPOD ROBOT FOR ROUGH-TERRAIN TRAVERSAL Authors: Samudra Jit Saha; Md. Abid Chowdhury; Sayma Islam; Shamim Ahmed Deowan; Shifat E. Arman; Abhishek K. Ghosh Abstract: Rough-terrain exploration is critical for applications ranging from post-disaster search-and-rescue to planetary exploration. While conventional wheeled or bipedal robots often struggle in these environments, biological organisms like myriapods demonstrate superior adaptability. Inspired by this, we present Flexipede a compact, modular robotic system that employs a hybrid actuation architecture, wherein each module integrates a single actuator for propulsive gait generation and a secondary actuator to enable distributed yaw control. The platform is fully 3D-printable and cost-effective, with a fabrication cost of approximately $58 for the primary unit and $10 per additional module. Analytical kinematic modeling was employed to optimize linkage trajectories, with experimental results validating the system across six modular configurations and three distinct environments, including flat, rough, and inclined terrains. The platform achieved locomotion speeds up to 9 cm/s and navigated obstacles up to 32 mm high, while linkage path deviations remained functionally negligible (mean deviation of 3.24%) compared to analytical prediction. Turning performance converged with theoretical predictions as modular scaling increased, reaching a minimum deviation of 4.51% for the five-module configuration. Across all terrains, the system maintained a competitive average Cost of Transportation (CoT) of 18.01, with stair climbing requiring a relatively higher CoT due to the elevated torque demands associated with vertical displacement. These results establish Flexipede as a high-performance benchmark for modular myriapod systems with significant potential for adaptive morphological research.

2026-07-01T00:00:00Z Pereira, Rúben Malheiro, Benedita Silva, Manuel F. https://repositori.mypolycc.edu.my/jspui/handle/123456789/10785 2026-09-22T03:00:08Z 2026-06-03T00:00:00Z

Title: ROS-ENABLED DIY AND OPEN-SOURCE WHEELED ROBOTS FOR HIGHER EDUCATION LEARNING AND COMPETITIONS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW Authors: Pereira, Rúben; Malheiro, Benedita; Silva, Manuel F. Abstract: This study systematically characterizes Do It Yourself (DIY) and open-source wheeled robotic platforms used in higher education and academic competitions. It also analyzes Robot Operating System (ROS)-based designs with respect to real-time performance and multi-sensor integration, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines. A total of 20 high-quality studies were identified across five major digital libraries (Dimensions, Web of Science, SpringerLink, ScienceDirect, and IEEE Xplore), which were searched on 12 January 2026. Eligibility was restricted to peer-reviewed English-language studies published between 2005 and 2026 that explicitly implement ROS-based wheeled platforms in higher education contexts. Results were synthesized through qualitative analysis using a structured data extraction form implemented in the Parsifal systematic review platform. Methodological quality and risk of bias were assessed using a structured appraisal checklist. The results show a dominant trend toward distributed dual-processor architectures, which separate low-level real-time control from high-level processing. Most platforms target an accessible price range of 50 e to 500 e for open-source and DIY platforms. ROS has emerged as the standard middleware, enabling multi-sensor integration and supporting digital twin workflows. There is also a clear shift toward open-source hardware and Three-Dimensional (3D)-printed modular designs, which reduce production costs. However, challenges remain, including software obsolescence and the lack of maintenance plans. The findings highlight the need for interoperable reference architectures and automated deployment workflows to ensure long-term sustainability. Evidence is limited by heterogeneity, inconsistent reporting, and small sample sizes, which introduce risks of bias and imprecision. This review was formally registered with protocols.io.

2026-06-03T00:00:00Z Li, Tony Nguyen, Quoc Thang Gao, Jerry Agarwal, Radhika https://repositori.mypolycc.edu.my/jspui/handle/123456789/10784 2026-09-22T03:00:56Z 2026-06-05T00:00:00Z

Title: AI TESTING FOR SMART LEARNING APPLICATIONS—A CASE STUDY Authors: Li, Tony; Nguyen, Quoc Thang; Gao, Jerry; Agarwal, Radhika Abstract: The increasing adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) in smart learning environments has heightened the need for systematic, reliable testing of AI-driven educational applications. Existing studies primarily rely on benchmark accuracy, manual testing, or user-based assessment, offering limited insight into robustness, coverage, and failure behavior. These limitations are driven by the lack of standardized intelligence quality criteria, inadequate test automation support, complex diversity in Q&A tasks, and the difficulty of automatically validating test results in smart learning applications. This paper investigates model-based AI testing for Q&A-based smart learning applications, using ChatGPT (GPT-5) as a case study to evaluate its intelligence quality in college algebra question answering tasks that support student learning. A three-dimensional (3D) AI testing framework structures testing along input, context, and output dimensions to enable model-driven test generation, controlled contextual variation, and consistent validation. College algebra problems selected from a standard undergraduate textbook are used to construct representative test cases. Controlled image-based data augmentation and structured similarity-based validation mechanisms are employed to support automated test execution and result analysis. Empirical results demonstrate that the proposed approach improves intelligence quality coverage and provides more diagnostic insight than ad hoc evaluation methods.

2026-06-05T00:00:00Z