RESPONSE OF STEEL TRANSMISSION TOWERS TO EARTHQUAKE AND WIND LOADING STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT

Abstract

Steel transmission towers play a pivotal role in supporting electrical power transmission networks, requiring robust design strategies to withstand seismic and wind forces. This paper examines the structural design considerations, performance under earthquake and wind loading, and enhancement techniques for steel transmission towers. Key topics explored include seismic hazard assessment, response spectrum analysis, wind climate characteristics, and aerodynamic effects. Findings emphasize the importance of advanced materials, innovative design approaches, and damping systems in enhancing tower resilience and reliability. Future directions in research advocate for improved modeling techniques, sustainable practices, and smart technologies to ensure the continued efficiency and resilience of steel transmission towers in modern energy infrastructures.