Instrumentation and Process Control

Abstract

Instrumentation and Process Control presents all aspects of instrumentation and builds on the quality of previous editions as an industry-leading instructional tool. This comprehensive textbook is a revision of the c lassic textbook by Franklyn W. Kirk, supplemented by the expertise of Thomas A. Weedon and Philip Kirk. Instrumentation and Process Control has been used for many years to teach the principles of industrial instruments and control systems. New content has been added to explain the operation of battery-powered instruments and new instruments when taking diffi cult airfl ow measurements. In addition, the section on Ethernet communication has been completely updated to include the most recent innovations in the fi eld of network communication, and the section on personal protective equipment has been updated to highlight NFPA 70E® requirements. Detailed illustrations, photographs from leading companies in the fi eld, and concise text enhance learning. Informative tech facts and illustrative vignettes provide supplemental content throughout the textbook. Instrumentation and Process Control offers the following features: • Provides a technician-level approach to the fi eld of instrumentation. • Contains twelve sections covering instruments, digital communications, controls, and applications. • Takes a systems approach to integrating instruments into a complex control system. • Includes comprehensive applications of instruments and controllers in typical industrial control systems. Examples show how to install instruments and protect them from damaging environmental conditions. The book is organized in a logical sequence beginning with an introduction to the fi eld of instrumentation and continuing through all the other elements of a control system. Throughout the text, emphasis is placed on the fundamental scientifi c principles that underlie the operation of the instruments. Applications are thoroughly illustrated throughout the text as well as in a separate chapter that shows how to put instruments together into systems that can be used to control a process. Section 1, Introduction to Instrumentation, provides an overview of industrial instrumentation and the principles of instruments, instrumentation diagrams, and control. Section 2, Temperature Measurement, covers the scientifi c principles of temperature, heat transfer, and temperature measurement. Extensive coverage is provided of the details necessary to install temperature instruments in systems that will work in practice. The use of thermowells, break protection, bridge circuits, and calibration procedures is included. Section 3, Pressure Measurement, covers the scientifi c fundamentals of pressure, hydrostatics, Pascal’s law, and pressure measurement. Details of instrument protection, such as chemical seals, wet legs, valve manifolds, snubbers, and siphons, are included. Section 4, Level Measurement, covers the scientifi c rules of point and continuous level measurement, level switches, ultrasonic and radar principles, and weigh systems. Coverage of bulk solids measurement, water columns and try cocks, diaphragm seals, and compensation for elevation changes is included. Section 5, Flow Measurement, covers the scientifi c principles of fl ow, Reynolds number, compressible gases, and all types of fl ow measurement. Additional detail is added on the location of pressure taps, differential pressure measurement, blocking valves, fl ow integrators and switches, and bulk solids fl ow. Section 6, Analyzers, covers the scientifi c essentials used in typical industrial analysis measurements. Extensive coverage is given on liquid, gas, oxygen, humidity, moisture, viscosity, refractive index, conductivity, pH, and ORP analyzers. Sampling systems, sampling lags, and calibration are also covered. Section 7, Position Measurement, covers the operation of mechanical and proximity switches as well as their application in industrial operations. Information is provided on applications including sensor installation, rotary speed sensing, continuous web handling, and safety light curtains. The switches and sensors provide position information for operational status, alarm, or interlocking systems.